Struct std::collections::vec_deque::VecDequeStable [-] [+] [src]

pub struct VecDeque<T> {
    // some fields omitted
}

VecDeque is a growable ring buffer, which can be used as a double-ended queue efficiently.

Methods

impl<T> VecDeque<T>

fn new() -> VecDeque<T>

Creates an empty VecDeque.

fn with_capacity(n: usize) -> VecDeque<T>

Creates an empty VecDeque with space for at least n elements.

fn get(&self, i: usize) -> Option<&T>

Retrieves an element in the VecDeque by index.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf = VecDeque::new(); buf.push_back(3); buf.push_back(4); buf.push_back(5); assert_eq!(buf.get(1).unwrap(), &4); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf = VecDeque::new();
buf.push_back(3);
buf.push_back(4);
buf.push_back(5);
assert_eq!(buf.get(1).unwrap(), &4);

fn get_mut(&mut self, i: usize) -> Option<&mut T>

Retrieves an element in the VecDeque mutably by index.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf = VecDeque::new(); buf.push_back(3); buf.push_back(4); buf.push_back(5); match buf.get_mut(1) { None => {} Some(elem) => { *elem = 7; } } assert_eq!(buf[1], 7); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf = VecDeque::new();
buf.push_back(3);
buf.push_back(4);
buf.push_back(5);
match buf.get_mut(1) {
    None => {}
    Some(elem) => {
        *elem = 7;
    }
}

assert_eq!(buf[1], 7);

fn swap(&mut self, i: usize, j: usize)

Swaps elements at indices i and j.

i and j may be equal.

Fails if there is no element with either index.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf = VecDeque::new(); buf.push_back(3); buf.push_back(4); buf.push_back(5); buf.swap(0, 2); assert_eq!(buf[0], 5); assert_eq!(buf[2], 3); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf = VecDeque::new();
buf.push_back(3);
buf.push_back(4);
buf.push_back(5);
buf.swap(0, 2);
assert_eq!(buf[0], 5);
assert_eq!(buf[2], 3);

fn capacity(&self) -> usize

Returns the number of elements the VecDeque can hold without reallocating.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let buf: VecDeque<i32> = VecDeque::with_capacity(10); assert!(buf.capacity() >= 10); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let buf: VecDeque<i32> = VecDeque::with_capacity(10);
assert!(buf.capacity() >= 10);

fn reserve_exact(&mut self, additional: usize)

Reserves the minimum capacity for exactly additional more elements to be inserted in the given VecDeque. Does nothing if the capacity is already sufficient.

Note that the allocator may give the collection more space than it requests. Therefore capacity can not be relied upon to be precisely minimal. Prefer reserve if future insertions are expected.

Panics

Panics if the new capacity overflows usize.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf: VecDeque<i32> = vec![1].into_iter().collect(); buf.reserve_exact(10); assert!(buf.capacity() >= 11); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf: VecDeque<i32> = vec![1].into_iter().collect();
buf.reserve_exact(10);
assert!(buf.capacity() >= 11);

fn reserve(&mut self, additional: usize)

Reserves capacity for at least additional more elements to be inserted in the given Ringbuf. The collection may reserve more space to avoid frequent reallocations.

Panics

Panics if the new capacity overflows usize.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf: VecDeque<i32> = vec![1].into_iter().collect(); buf.reserve(10); assert!(buf.capacity() >= 11); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf: VecDeque<i32> = vec![1].into_iter().collect();
buf.reserve(10);
assert!(buf.capacity() >= 11);

fn shrink_to_fit(&mut self)

Shrinks the capacity of the ringbuf as much as possible.

It will drop down as close as possible to the length but the allocator may still inform the ringbuf that there is space for a few more elements.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf = VecDeque::with_capacity(15); buf.extend(0..4); assert_eq!(buf.capacity(), 15); buf.shrink_to_fit(); assert!(buf.capacity() >= 4); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf = VecDeque::with_capacity(15);
buf.extend(0..4);
assert_eq!(buf.capacity(), 15);
buf.shrink_to_fit();
assert!(buf.capacity() >= 4);

fn truncate(&mut self, len: usize)

Shorten a ringbuf, dropping excess elements from the back.

If len is greater than the ringbuf's current length, this has no effect.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf = VecDeque::new(); buf.push_back(5); buf.push_back(10); buf.push_back(15); buf.truncate(1); assert_eq!(buf.len(), 1); assert_eq!(Some(&5), buf.get(0)); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf = VecDeque::new();
buf.push_back(5);
buf.push_back(10);
buf.push_back(15);
buf.truncate(1);
assert_eq!(buf.len(), 1);
assert_eq!(Some(&5), buf.get(0));

fn iter(&self) -> Iter<T>

Returns a front-to-back iterator.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf = VecDeque::new(); buf.push_back(5); buf.push_back(3); buf.push_back(4); let b: &[_] = &[&5, &3, &4]; assert_eq!(buf.iter().collect::<Vec<&i32>>().as_slice(), b); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf = VecDeque::new();
buf.push_back(5);
buf.push_back(3);
buf.push_back(4);
let b: &[_] = &[&5, &3, &4];
assert_eq!(buf.iter().collect::<Vec<&i32>>().as_slice(), b);

fn iter_mut(&mut self) -> IterMut<T>

Returns a front-to-back iterator that returns mutable references.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf = VecDeque::new(); buf.push_back(5); buf.push_back(3); buf.push_back(4); for num in buf.iter_mut() { *num = *num - 2; } let b: &[_] = &[&mut 3, &mut 1, &mut 2]; assert_eq!(&buf.iter_mut().collect::<Vec<&mut i32>>()[], b); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf = VecDeque::new();
buf.push_back(5);
buf.push_back(3);
buf.push_back(4);
for num in buf.iter_mut() {
    *num = *num - 2;
}
let b: &[_] = &[&mut 3, &mut 1, &mut 2];
assert_eq!(&buf.iter_mut().collect::<Vec<&mut i32>>()[], b);

fn into_iter(self) -> IntoIter<T>

Consumes the list into an iterator yielding elements by value.

fn as_slices(&self) -> (&[T], &[T])

Returns a pair of slices which contain, in order, the contents of the VecDeque.

fn as_mut_slices(&mut self) -> (&mut [T], &mut [T])

Returns a pair of slices which contain, in order, the contents of the VecDeque.

fn len(&self) -> usize

Returns the number of elements in the VecDeque.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut v = VecDeque::new(); assert_eq!(v.len(), 0); v.push_back(1); assert_eq!(v.len(), 1); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut v = VecDeque::new();
assert_eq!(v.len(), 0);
v.push_back(1);
assert_eq!(v.len(), 1);

fn is_empty(&self) -> bool

Returns true if the buffer contains no elements

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut v = VecDeque::new(); assert!(v.is_empty()); v.push_front(1); assert!(!v.is_empty()); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut v = VecDeque::new();
assert!(v.is_empty());
v.push_front(1);
assert!(!v.is_empty());

fn drain(&mut self) -> Drain<T>

Creates a draining iterator that clears the VecDeque and iterates over the removed items from start to end.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut v = VecDeque::new(); v.push_back(1); assert_eq!(v.drain().next(), Some(1)); assert!(v.is_empty()); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut v = VecDeque::new();
v.push_back(1);
assert_eq!(v.drain().next(), Some(1));
assert!(v.is_empty());

fn clear(&mut self)

Clears the buffer, removing all values.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut v = VecDeque::new(); v.push_back(1); v.clear(); assert!(v.is_empty()); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut v = VecDeque::new();
v.push_back(1);
v.clear();
assert!(v.is_empty());

fn front(&self) -> Option<&T>

Provides a reference to the front element, or None if the sequence is empty.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut d = VecDeque::new(); assert_eq!(d.front(), None); d.push_back(1); d.push_back(2); assert_eq!(d.front(), Some(&1)); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut d = VecDeque::new();
assert_eq!(d.front(), None);

d.push_back(1);
d.push_back(2);
assert_eq!(d.front(), Some(&1));

fn front_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut T>

Provides a mutable reference to the front element, or None if the sequence is empty.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut d = VecDeque::new(); assert_eq!(d.front_mut(), None); d.push_back(1); d.push_back(2); match d.front_mut() { Some(x) => *x = 9, None => (), } assert_eq!(d.front(), Some(&9)); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut d = VecDeque::new();
assert_eq!(d.front_mut(), None);

d.push_back(1);
d.push_back(2);
match d.front_mut() {
    Some(x) => *x = 9,
    None => (),
}
assert_eq!(d.front(), Some(&9));

fn back(&self) -> Option<&T>

Provides a reference to the back element, or None if the sequence is empty.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut d = VecDeque::new(); assert_eq!(d.back(), None); d.push_back(1); d.push_back(2); assert_eq!(d.back(), Some(&2)); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut d = VecDeque::new();
assert_eq!(d.back(), None);

d.push_back(1);
d.push_back(2);
assert_eq!(d.back(), Some(&2));

fn back_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut T>

Provides a mutable reference to the back element, or None if the sequence is empty.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut d = VecDeque::new(); assert_eq!(d.back(), None); d.push_back(1); d.push_back(2); match d.back_mut() { Some(x) => *x = 9, None => (), } assert_eq!(d.back(), Some(&9)); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut d = VecDeque::new();
assert_eq!(d.back(), None);

d.push_back(1);
d.push_back(2);
match d.back_mut() {
    Some(x) => *x = 9,
    None => (),
}
assert_eq!(d.back(), Some(&9));

fn pop_front(&mut self) -> Option<T>

Removes the first element and returns it, or None if the sequence is empty.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut d = VecDeque::new(); d.push_back(1); d.push_back(2); assert_eq!(d.pop_front(), Some(1)); assert_eq!(d.pop_front(), Some(2)); assert_eq!(d.pop_front(), None); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut d = VecDeque::new();
d.push_back(1);
d.push_back(2);

assert_eq!(d.pop_front(), Some(1));
assert_eq!(d.pop_front(), Some(2));
assert_eq!(d.pop_front(), None);

fn push_front(&mut self, t: T)

Inserts an element first in the sequence.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut d = VecDeque::new(); d.push_front(1); d.push_front(2); assert_eq!(d.front(), Some(&2)); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut d = VecDeque::new();
d.push_front(1);
d.push_front(2);
assert_eq!(d.front(), Some(&2));

fn push_back(&mut self, t: T)

Appends an element to the back of a buffer

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf = VecDeque::new(); buf.push_back(1); buf.push_back(3); assert_eq!(3, *buf.back().unwrap()); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf = VecDeque::new();
buf.push_back(1);
buf.push_back(3);
assert_eq!(3, *buf.back().unwrap());

fn pop_back(&mut self) -> Option<T>

Removes the last element from a buffer and returns it, or None if it is empty.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf = VecDeque::new(); assert_eq!(buf.pop_back(), None); buf.push_back(1); buf.push_back(3); assert_eq!(buf.pop_back(), Some(3)); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf = VecDeque::new();
assert_eq!(buf.pop_back(), None);
buf.push_back(1);
buf.push_back(3);
assert_eq!(buf.pop_back(), Some(3));

fn swap_back_remove(&mut self, index: usize) -> Option<T>

Removes an element from anywhere in the ringbuf and returns it, replacing it with the last element.

This does not preserve ordering, but is O(1).

Returns None if index is out of bounds.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf = VecDeque::new(); assert_eq!(buf.swap_back_remove(0), None); buf.push_back(5); buf.push_back(99); buf.push_back(15); buf.push_back(20); buf.push_back(10); assert_eq!(buf.swap_back_remove(1), Some(99)); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf = VecDeque::new();
assert_eq!(buf.swap_back_remove(0), None);
buf.push_back(5);
buf.push_back(99);
buf.push_back(15);
buf.push_back(20);
buf.push_back(10);
assert_eq!(buf.swap_back_remove(1), Some(99));

fn swap_front_remove(&mut self, index: usize) -> Option<T>

Removes an element from anywhere in the ringbuf and returns it, replacing it with the first element.

This does not preserve ordering, but is O(1).

Returns None if index is out of bounds.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf = VecDeque::new(); assert_eq!(buf.swap_front_remove(0), None); buf.push_back(15); buf.push_back(5); buf.push_back(10); buf.push_back(99); buf.push_back(20); assert_eq!(buf.swap_front_remove(3), Some(99)); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf = VecDeque::new();
assert_eq!(buf.swap_front_remove(0), None);
buf.push_back(15);
buf.push_back(5);
buf.push_back(10);
buf.push_back(99);
buf.push_back(20);
assert_eq!(buf.swap_front_remove(3), Some(99));

fn insert(&mut self, i: usize, t: T)

Inserts an element at position i within the ringbuf. Whichever end is closer to the insertion point will be moved to make room, and all the affected elements will be moved to new positions.

Panics

Panics if i is greater than ringbuf's length

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf = VecDeque::new(); buf.push_back(10); buf.push_back(12); buf.insert(1,11); assert_eq!(Some(&11), buf.get(1)); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf = VecDeque::new();
buf.push_back(10);
buf.push_back(12);
buf.insert(1,11);
assert_eq!(Some(&11), buf.get(1));

fn remove(&mut self, i: usize) -> Option<T>

Removes and returns the element at position i from the ringbuf. Whichever end is closer to the removal point will be moved to make room, and all the affected elements will be moved to new positions. Returns None if i is out of bounds.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf = VecDeque::new(); buf.push_back(5); buf.push_back(10); buf.push_back(12); buf.push_back(15); buf.remove(2); assert_eq!(Some(&15), buf.get(2)); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf = VecDeque::new();
buf.push_back(5);
buf.push_back(10);
buf.push_back(12);
buf.push_back(15);
buf.remove(2);
assert_eq!(Some(&15), buf.get(2));

fn split_off(&mut self, at: usize) -> VecDeque<T>

Splits the collection into two at the given index.

Returns a newly allocated Self. self contains elements [0, at), and the returned Self contains elements [at, len).

Note that the capacity of self does not change.

Panics

Panics if at > len

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf: VecDeque<_> = vec![1,2,3].into_iter().collect(); let buf2 = buf.split_off(1); // buf = [1], buf2 = [2, 3] assert_eq!(buf.len(), 1); assert_eq!(buf2.len(), 2); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf: VecDeque<_> = vec![1,2,3].into_iter().collect();
let buf2 = buf.split_off(1);
// buf = [1], buf2 = [2, 3]
assert_eq!(buf.len(), 1);
assert_eq!(buf2.len(), 2);

fn append(&mut self, other: &mut VecDeque<T>)

Moves all the elements of other into Self, leaving other empty.

Panics

Panics if the new number of elements in self overflows a usize.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf: VecDeque<_> = vec![1, 2, 3].into_iter().collect(); let mut buf2: VecDeque<_> = vec![4, 5, 6].into_iter().collect(); buf.append(&mut buf2); assert_eq!(buf.len(), 6); assert_eq!(buf2.len(), 0); }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf: VecDeque<_> = vec![1, 2, 3].into_iter().collect();
let mut buf2: VecDeque<_> = vec![4, 5, 6].into_iter().collect();
buf.append(&mut buf2);
assert_eq!(buf.len(), 6);
assert_eq!(buf2.len(), 0);

impl<T> VecDeque<T> where T: Clone

fn resize(&mut self, new_len: usize, value: T)

Modifies the ringbuf in-place so that len() is equal to new_len, either by removing excess elements or by appending copies of a value to the back.

Examples

fn main() { use std::collections::VecDeque; let mut buf = VecDeque::new(); buf.push_back(5); buf.push_back(10); buf.push_back(15); buf.resize(2, 0); buf.resize(6, 20); for (a, b) in [5, 10, 20, 20, 20, 20].iter().zip(buf.iter()) { assert_eq!(a, b); } }
use std::collections::VecDeque;

let mut buf = VecDeque::new();
buf.push_back(5);
buf.push_back(10);
buf.push_back(15);
buf.resize(2, 0);
buf.resize(6, 20);
for (a, b) in [5, 10, 20, 20, 20, 20].iter().zip(buf.iter()) {
    assert_eq!(a, b);
}

Trait Implementations

impl<T> Send for VecDeque<T> where T: Send

impl<T> Sync for VecDeque<T> where T: Sync

impl<T> Clone for VecDeque<T> where T: Clone

fn clone(&self) -> VecDeque<T>

fn clone_from(&mut self, &VecDeque<T>)

impl<T> Drop for VecDeque<T>

fn drop(&mut self)

impl<T> Default for VecDeque<T>

fn default() -> VecDeque<T>

impl<A> PartialEq<VecDeque<A>> for VecDeque<A> where A: PartialEq<A>

fn eq(&self, other: &VecDeque<A>) -> bool

fn ne(&self, &VecDeque<A>) -> bool

impl<A> Eq for VecDeque<A> where A: Eq

fn assert_receiver_is_total_eq(&self)

impl<A> PartialOrd<VecDeque<A>> for VecDeque<A> where A: PartialOrd<A>

fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &VecDeque<A>) -> Option<Ordering>

fn lt(&self, &VecDeque<A>) -> bool

fn le(&self, &VecDeque<A>) -> bool

fn gt(&self, &VecDeque<A>) -> bool

fn ge(&self, &VecDeque<A>) -> bool

impl<A> Ord for VecDeque<A> where A: Ord

fn cmp(&self, other: &VecDeque<A>) -> Ordering

impl<A> Hash for VecDeque<A> where A: Hash

fn hash<H>(&self, state: &mut H) where H: Hasher

fn hash_slice<H>(&[VecDeque<A>], &mut H) where H: Hasher, VecDeque<A>: Sized

impl<A> Index<usize> for VecDeque<A>

type Output = A

fn index(&self, i: &usize) -> &A

impl<A> IndexMut<usize> for VecDeque<A>

fn index_mut(&mut self, i: &usize) -> &mut A

impl<A> FromIterator<A> for VecDeque<A>

fn from_iter<T>(iterable: T) -> VecDeque<A> where T: IntoIterator, <T as IntoIterator>::Item == A

impl<T> IntoIterator for VecDeque<T>

type Item = T

type IntoIter = IntoIter<T>

fn into_iter(self) -> IntoIter<T>

impl<A> Extend<A> for VecDeque<A>

fn extend<T>(&mut self, iter: T) where T: IntoIterator, <T as IntoIterator>::Item == A

impl<T> Debug for VecDeque<T> where T: Debug

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> Result<(), Error>